What is Behaviorism -
M. Standridge states "Behaviorism is primarily concerned with observable and measurable aspects of human behavior. In defining behavior, behaviorist learning theories emphasize changes in behavior that result from stimulus-response associations made by the learner" (Behaviorism Online Book). For example, when the paddle comes out, the kids know to be on their best behavior or they will get spanked.
Reflection on "Reinforcing Effort" and "Homework and Practice" instructional strategies-
With reinforcing effort, the goal is to make the students "understand the relationship between effort and achievement by addressing their attitudes and beliefs about learning" (Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski). I think that reinforcing effort is very important because it helps the students to understand that if they work hard and give their best, they will be successful. Using rubrics that emphasize effort, using spreadsheets and tools that track grades and correlate effort to achievement, and showing the students data, helps students realize that effort does count and is important in the learning process. "Many attribute their success or failure to external factors" (Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski). We need to use these visual ways of demonstrating to students that effort and achievement are very much connected.
"Homework and practice give students a chance to review and apply what they have learned" (Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski). I agree with the book, that homework should have a specific and clear purpose and outcome, be varied, and increase the student's understanding of a skill or concept. There are many technology resources that can be incorporated into homework and practice such as using word processing applications, spreadsheets, and multimedia, such as online educational games and interactive simulations.
Behaviorism deals with observable behaviors and stimulus-response applications. Using free web resources, including drill and practice, tutorials on various concepts and subject areas, remediation software, educational games, and interactive simulations and labs, behaviorism is currently in practice and being used my educators and students. Also, teachers use behaviorism in the classroom for behavior management, with the use of reinforcement and punishment. Teachers use behavior management strategies such as moving a clip when misbehavior occurs, time on the wall at recess, detention, and behavior contracts, that incorporate this behaviorism approach.
In conclusion, I use behaviorism in my classroom for behavior management ("time on the wall"), using the Jumpstart Artist educational concept learning software, which incorporates a game-like presentation and rewards for accomplishing various levels and learning concepts, and rubrics for art projects which reinforce effort. Occasionally, I give homework in art to practice and reinforce a concept.
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Rebecca,
ReplyDeleteI totally agree with what you said about positive reinforcement. I think rubrics which focus on effort would be a tremendous reinforcer. I stop and think how much better I would have performed in school if the rubrics would have shared with me. I was in college before I knew rubrics could be shared with students. Having clear cut expectations allows students the opportunity to earn their score on assignments.
Tara,
ReplyDeleteThanks for the comment! Rubrics are important to show how effort is related to academic success. Students need to be shown what they are graded on, know how to get a good score, and see the clear expectations that need to be met in order to succeed. I always tell my students and show them what they will be graded on for projects, so they have a clear understanding. If students are putting in the effort, following directions, and working hard, they should receive an average or above average grade.